Heat the vegetable oil in a large pot over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and cook until lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Add the garlic and ginger and cook for 1 minute.
Add the teriyaki sauce and chicken broth and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to low and simmer for 10 minutes.
Divide the cooked ramen noodles among four bowls. Ladle the teriyaki chicken broth over the noodles. Top with the cooked chicken.